Surface active agent is a type of chemical with a reducing liquid surface tension and improving the nature of the interface. According to their chemical structure and function, surfactants can be divided into the following categories:
Actives surfactant: The molecules of anion surfactants contain a negatively -carried hydrophilic group, such as acid or ester group. Common anion surfactants include soap, sulfonate and sulfate. They form anionic ions in the water, which can reduce the surface tension of the liquid, and have good emulsification, cleaning and foaming performance.
Catalogenic surfactant: The molecules of cationic surfactants contain hydrophilic groups with positive charge, such as amino or ammonium. Common cationic surfactants include cycl ammonium salt and amine salt. They form a cation in the water, which can interact with the particles or surfaces of the yin charge, and have functions such as sterilization, disinfection and precipitation.
Non -ion surface active agent: non -ionic surfactant molecules without charges. Common non -ionic surfactants include polyoxyvanol (polyoxyvanoethylene ether) and fatty glycol polyoxyethylene ether. They interact with water molecules through hydrogen bonds or Van Dehua, and have good moisturizing, decentralized and thickening effects.
Surface active agent of gender ion: The molecular structure of the gender ionic surfactant also contains a group with positive charge and negative charge. Common gender ionic surfactants are amine oxides. They can play a surface activity role under acidic and alkaline conditions at the same time.
In addition, there are some special types of surfactants, such as associated agents, surfactants, and biological surface active agents, which have special functions and application areas.
You need to select the appropriate types and dosage of the surfactant according to the specific requirements and application scenarios, and pay attention to the relevant safety operations and environmental protection requirements.